- Reform of the judicial institutions is long overdue - Its timely implementation would prepare the legal basis for the progress of reform as a whole - - The dictatorship opened the doors of the law faculties only to the sons and daughters of the Communist nomenklatura (children of Central Committee members, first secretaries, directors of the Sigurimi, and others). The Faculty of Law was politicized and ideologized; its lecturers were incapable and puppets of the dictatorship - If carried out on these concepts and criteria, reform of the judicial institutions would resemble the failed campaigns of the fight against bureaucracy. - The criminality and immorality of the judicial institutions under the dictatorship and now - - Thousands of politically persecuted people sentenced in fabricated trials, abused and physically destroyed — living testimony to this criminality - - A political trial of the nomenklatura of the judicial institutions, led by Aranit Çela and company, is not enough. - - Perverse criminals such as Riza Xhixho, Xhevat (unclear), and hundreds of others like them not only cannot work in the judicial institutions, but must be put in the dock for their crimes. - The criminal, corrupt structures of the judicial institutions today obstruct and sabotage democratic processes. - Why does the Socialist Party defend the old structures of the judicial institutions? - Who should join the judicial institutions? - The state's greatest and most urgent investment: training jurists abroad - These are the first reasons that made judicial reform urgent and absolutely necessary. It is also well known that the doors of the Faculty of Law were open to the sons and daughters of the Communist nomenklatura, members of the Central Committee of the PPSH, first secretaries of the PPSH, directors of the Sigurimi, and even secretaries of party bureaus, with a few minor exceptions (some worker's or peasant's son), chiefly to justify the demagoguery of being «the power of the class». In most cases, these offspring of the nomenklatura were not distinguished by any talents other than the «talents» of their fathers. If we add to this the extreme politicization and ideologization of the Albanian law school and, further still, the lecturers' incompetence and their role as puppets serving the dictatorship, it follows that we have never had jurists and, consequently, no legal institutions, but only mechanisms placed in the service of communist crime and unparalleled genocide. This, too, is a reason that makes judicial reform necessary, but it is a relatively minor reason, since if reform in these institutions were conceived and directed simply according to these criteria, to eliminate incompetence, we would do nothing but repeat one of those «fights against bureaucracy» campaigns decreed from above by Alia, campaigns that came to nothing, or Hoxha-or-Alia campaigns that not only improved nothing, but merely created grounds for (often) brutal communist reprisals. Judicial reform (we repeat, long overdue) is made absolutely necessary by the first reasons, namely preparing whole, and secondly, just as importantly — immorality and crime — KLAUS MUSTAFA (Continued on page 2) - the justice system? - Who should be brought into the justice system? - Reform of the justice system is long overdue. The longer this delay continues, the more it jeopardizes reform as a whole, chiefly on the political front. The state’s neglect of these institutions is one of the main causes of the kind of anarchy that still exists in Albania’s political, economic and social stability. All the corrupt and even criminal structures within the justice system threaten, through their inactivity in the best case and through conscious sabotage in the worst, to undermine and reverse the progress achieved. Timely implementation of this reform—which is the essence of the entire reform—would prepare the legal foundation for the advancement of the whole reform process. This is the main reason why, before the new state turned its attention to the Ministry of Agriculture, or Municipal Affairs, or some other ministry, it should have considered the justice system, because it is clear that, in addition to the legislative power that drafts and adopts laws, there are other structures that will implement them and refer to them, from the highest levels of the justice system down to the lowest. The failure to reform the third branch of government has left the implementation of reform as a whole without the legal basis for enforcement that is so essential. served the crime of unprecedented communist genocide.

They lost on 22 March. But they did not give up. After all, there was no reason for them to surrender completely when nobody asked them to. Today THEY have a chance to take revenge in a new way: they simply «steal» from the state. Thousands of state dollars fill their pockets, and not a single hair on their heads is harmed. Want examples? You will find the answer to the question of where and how the company «DEA», whose president is Haxhi Lleshi’s son-in-law, disappeared in our next issue.

In some of Romania's leading newspapers, now, on the third anniversary of the December events, people are seeking to find out: «The 1989 Enigma»; «Who fired, who gave the order, where are the criminals?» Referring throughout to the domestic press, «organizations have been formed to conduct investigations, and information is being provided about the number of dead and wounded». «Republika»

It is absolutely certain: Albania will send emergency aid to Somalia: grain, 20 tons every week; sugar, 30 tons; cheese, 25 tons; firewood, 250000 mst; electricity, 250.000.000 KW every night; pasta, 30000 Kv every lunchtime. The news is certain; perhaps it does not come from our news agency, Az Rojter, nor even from the Albanian administration and authorities. This news was given to his hosts by Bardi Sh., a charming young television presenter, dressed like a gentleman, Albanian, in a black suit and bow tie. «Did you see on television yesterday what aid Albania received?» he asked his friends at kindergarten No. 54. A lot came, So much came that now we will help Somalia... FRAN MRIDITA

Yesterday morning, in one of the halls of the National Historical Museum, the first National Conference of Republican Youth was held. Those present included the chairman of PR, Mr. Sabri Godo; the deputy chairman of PRSH, Mr. Fatmir Mediu; the secretary-general of PRSH, Mr. Çerçiz Mingomata; representatives of other youth forums; journalists from the press and RTV; and other guests. The report on the activities carried out and future tasks, on behalf of the KD, was delivered by the chairman of FRRSH, Elvis Hoxha. A significant part of the report was devoted to the situation in the country and the region, the contribution the forum could make to spreading republican ideas, and so on. Questions and discussion followed. The conference was also addressed by the deputy chairman of PRSH, Mr. Fatmir Mediu, and the representative of the Social-Democratic youth forum, Mr. Marenglen Kugo, among others. In his greeting, Mr. Sabri Godo singled out this day as one of PR's happiest days. «From the way this conference was organized to the level of the discussions, one can see new thinking,» he said. Mr. Godo then went on to discuss the major problems facing our country. Elections were held in the afternoon session.

The madwoman N. of Tirana, during all three days that have passed since Sunday, was seen at the former «Stalin» [unclear] with a [unclear] racket, all the way to the [unclear] of the ring road opposite the train platform. Completely barricaded in, she shouted: «Free Gramoz Ruçi! Gramoz Ruç is not a mur-derer! The Shkodra court must free Gramoz Ruçi! Oh Ramiz, oh Ramiz! There is no unity.» [unclear fragment: «Lëviz plu-»]

about... Ramizi was the sniper: Dymbylja gave him the bullets. Free Gramoz Ruçi... I am a judge. What we used to eat and what we eat... The down... independent newspaper... potatoes and qofte... Aredin Shyti is a prosecutor... prosecutor... military, Dilaver Taçi is a witness. Florinit i ka «Dilaveri, Merjani. Pusnket i ka Ramizi. O Ramiz o Ramiz uniteti nuk lëviz...» The madwoman N. repeated almost the same things on Monday and Tuesday along the same street, except that on Tuesday evening, in front of the Faculty of Natural Sciences, she shouted: «Gather here! I brought Xhemal Dyma from Shkodra on April 3 with

Ramiz ... Ramiz, unity does not move...» April 3 with (Continued on page 4)

TIRANA - BUDAPEST - STOCKHOLM ALBERT RAKIPI Only five hours by plane (almost enough time to cross truly flourishing cities such as Stockholm) separate Albania from the world and its wonders; they seem entirely ideal and unbelievable. The idea of time takes on a monstrous dimension precisely when you have left those four or five hours behind, and especially if you recall those wonderful lines from the Hungarian administration, expressed in the statement by the current authorities that «in a few years we will catch up with (the old, aristocratic, arrogant and conceited) Austria». How could one not think of Imre Nagy, the revolution of ’56, the silent compromise of Hungarian politicians between communism and capitalism, and within that compromise, signs and gestures and others coming into balance: R. Alia’s «soft landing», the farmers’ small plots and garden patches, those exhausted at the border, the dangerous conservatives (for politicians’ armchairs), and the executed Ç-ushbëku... Would claims to avoid (imaginary) catastrophes have any value? Perhaps it would be better and more useful to consider those serious in trade, whose goods are stopped by Austrian, Czech and other customs authorities because they want official confirmation to prove their status as businesspeople. If our state cannot take into consideration, say, why the Czech authorities denied a regular visa to the chairman of the association for teaching Esperanto, perhaps it can take into consideration the need to help our traders too. Perhaps not all of them, since many travel with hefty sums of dollars (these considerable sums of dollars do not yet pass through our banks). Or even further: on planes, former ambassadors routinely travel in «business class» compartments, touring Europe mainly on business missions (they have of course also benefited from having been diplomats), alongside genuine businesspeople. Budapest, almost in the heart of Europe, is a crossroads, so you can often meet Albanians «in search of fortune» there. Thus, besides the chairman of the Esperanto-language association and his «team»—delegation—the Czech authorities have also stopped and sent back two young women who have been here for several days. And life is expensive compared with our meagre wages. Even Hungarians themselves say that prices are high (that is, high relative to their wages, which are many times ours). It is quite surprising to find, for example, that a kilo of apples costs no more than a handful of dollars, almost what you can buy it for in the Tirana market. The same goes for other goods. And it can be said that Hungary, too, has a small transitional role. Wherever I go, Greece— It is the line by the Greek poet: «Wherever I go / I carry Greece with me / like a wound». Albania is very far away, just a few hours away, and then these feelings are somehow painful, even when you try to establish a daily rhythm, a real one, after having been in a dictatorship for so long— ... And to feel it in your head: In architecture, in architecture, a dog Budapest... An architect was found... ambulant concrete, and as far as Albania, still... clothes of Zuku-Orofimi, characteristic clothing, … perhaps? Bobas after rimi, … V? the red? ... You often come across Albanians in Budapest. Some of them, now wealthy during the transition and previously (there are, of course, also ill-gotten fortunes), have even rented apartments to spend the Hungarian winter. Others—traffickers and owners—stay «incognito» in this crossroads city, heading for Europe and its boutiques. There is also the example that, when our (artificial) Tirana lake is more attractive, with scenery like Hungary’s Lake Balaton, why do more than five million tourists choose the latter and not our lake, which may be among the last in terms of Albania’s natural potential, yet is undoubtedly far more suitable and attractive than Balaton...? attractive than Balaton...? (Continued on page 3)

KOÇI XOXE I PERSEKUTUAR, ZYLYFTAR RAMIZI MINISTER. LIRONI GRAMOZ RUÇIN. DEPUTET I PAVARUR... KAFE EUROPA... NDARJE VILASH...