Which class does the Party represent?... Every time we ask this question, and we ask it very often, we show how little we have freed ourselves from Stalinism, or rather how little we have come closer to Europe. Europe, meanwhile, deserves thanks for not yet bursting out laughing at us; we ask to become Europeans, and yet we do not give up the most anti-European phenomenon, Stalinist thinking! The mental and logical structures based on the communist–Stalinist political concepts are certainly also found among the people, while their strongest preserving factor is the PP(S). The class character of a political party is only one of those concepts that quickly becomes stale. In the contemporary European understanding (and not only contemporary) parties are not defined as class parties, vanguard parties, leading parties expressing the interests of a particular class, etc.; rather, as alternative parties. The difference between them is great, although the difference between the political philosophies from which each arises is also great. The concept of the class party stems from, and is the logical consequence of, the philosophy (Marxist–Stalinist) that places at the foundation of society its division into classes with opposing interests, in absolute conflict and in a constant, perpetual struggle, in order to defend those interests throughout this process of confrontation. The concept of non-class parties stems from bourgeois (revisionist) philosophy, which denies the existence of classes and the irreconcilable struggle between them; it stems from European philosophy, which places at the center not classes but the human being as an active, central being, always seeking alternatives for progress, for society and for oneself, in search of freedom. Without this logical, philosophical leap—from the philosophy of classes (Stalinism) to the philosophy of the human being—we are hardly acceptable to Europe or, better said, we are hardly Europeanized to the point that we can at least call ourselves such. The preservation of the traditional Marxist-Leninist meaning of the political party and its relations with the strata and classes of a society is done deliberately and expresses only one aspect of PPS activity, in order to preserve the other schemes (with which it was built) of this way of thinking in the population, such as the division of society into antagonistic classes, poor and rich, oppressors and oppressed, exploiters and exploited, and the struggle between them; then to preserve itself as the representative of the oppressed, the exploited, the weak, of moral good, etc., etc. The truly more learned one (if at the same time the most conservative among them, Dr. S. Pellumbi, shortly after the 10th Congress of the PP, speaking as a scientist, tried to bring the contemporary concept closer when, in a theoretical article, he wrote: “We are used to speaking about parties by understanding them as parties of certain classes, but the time has come to change such a conception and to look at parties прежде all in the sphere of the country’s interest,” (ZP. 14 7. 1991). However, what was written and what sparked the philosophy of European political thought were not acceptable and essentially undermined the political outlook of PS. Therefore S. Pellumbi’s concept — was not HYSAJEDIN FERAJ (To be continued on page 2)

TWO YEARS AGO: 2 JULY 1990 Prometheus of the late twentieth century What Albanian nobles in the 15th century were forced to do by the Ottoman invaders, on 2 July 1990 and in the days that followed was done by their present-day unworthy heirs. They crossed the Adriatic. Forced not by the foreign invader, but by the invader who, unfortunately, biologically was of the same blood, by the dictator and communist tyrant. For the first time in the modern history of Albania, the chain of Western embassies in Tirana saw its primary function removed. In the storm of the Albanian machine, the iron bars of the fence happened to turn into a tent between two diametrically opposed, irreconcilable worlds: dictatorship and freedom, the Anti-Human and the Human. On those days, Albanian youth proclaimed its verdict: the democracy is not coming to us, we are going to democracy... In doing so, it challenged not only the harsh and oppressive totalitarian power, but also the double deal and the underhanded damage to history, the political alchemy cooked up in the laboratories of the plenums of the Central Committee of the PPSH, with the “theory of the alembic,” the wave of democracy with posters, meant to deceive the people. Now that a full 2 years have passed since July ’90, time has finally outlined the images of the characters who played on the stage of that historic moment. On one side, those who climbed over the embassy railings resembled heroes of legends, dignified and self-sacrificing. Prometheus of the late twentieth century and, on the other side, pseudo-orators, forced and manufactured figures, representatives of a caste whose most inauthentic deeds make the nightmares and flashing knives of Macbethian nights seem like lemonade. In the end, their political rhetoric proved utterly powerless to influence the course of time. A turning point had begun, a mass awakening. Time was preparing to sign the obituary document of the communist dictatorship, which, as one artist rightly put it, “made us blush like Russians, turn yellow like Chinese, and blacken like Albanians.” Even though 2 years now belong to the past, many things from that day remain locked away in mysterious vaults. Who opened the embassy doors? How can it be explained, and from whose mouth came the contradictory orders for the police to come and calm the embassies, in such a comical position? How many people disappeared in those days? Why did it happen on the day the Kosovo Assembly was proclaimed? Coincidence or a synchronized act? Surely the moment will come when the files on this event will be opened. Leaving behind their families, relatives, and that girl whom the police had their eyes on behind the silent bars so as not to let her enter the embassy, departing under the threats of the iron teeth of the dictatorship — the barbed-rail dictatorship! despite the terror and the emotions of parting, they never forgot something, a sacred act; amidst tears and shivers they kissed the scorched soil of the Fatherland... They snatched from the “anti-Christ gods” the fire hidden in the deepest and darkest corners of the dictatorship, and the lit torches illuminated the harbors of democracy. They, the Prometheus of the late twentieth century...

THE PR NATIONAL COUNCIL CONVENED At the expanded meeting held that day, the PR National Council focused on three issues: the election of the chairman and secretary of the National Council, that of the committee for the statute, as well as the importance assumed by the local elections of 26 July. Mr. Sabri Godo’s speech was of great interest. He stressed that this is a short campaign and requires intensive work and great attention. PR must have its own people in power, good and civic-minded; the election day was announced before the start of the campaign was even declared. This is hasty, and this acceleration has a known explanation: a day chosen to make decisions, therefore it had to be backed and then political too, will cooperate with associations and different parties for a policy to save the democratic processes. Then there was a fairly extensive discussion on issues that aroused interest, such as property, tax, assistance; housing; prices, etc. At the end, the electoral platform was read out and the chairman of the PR election commission presidium, Mr. Aleksandër Cina, clarified many issues regarding how to face the campaign successfully. «Republika» correspondent

CORRUPTION SPECULATION CORRUPTION The British lorries with aid and the fines of the financial police - After a long bureaucratic odyssey, the charity association «Ushqeni fëmijët» is unloading the aid. Our people, with their philosophy, have also “recorded” in memory a phrase coined by someone?... “Even the chosen son, and the thing done to people is not done.” That is, if a person is guilty, the sin and the person are known; and it is also known who is responsible. So it seems to me that this is the occasion to mention that phrase. Let us worry about the cause! We learn that hundreds upon hundreds of British charitable associations that have undertaken their activities in our poor Albania have received the strict order that every movement of aid must be accompanied by documents. «Ushqeni fëmijët» has a branch in Tirana and apparently refused to hold a meeting in order to verify the private moment. For this, our Ministry of Agriculture intervened and, through its director, Mr. Sali Cela, decided to send them to the village of Lumalas in Korçë, and in that area the four English members of this initiative were involved. And so, on a fine day, under two gray curtains from England, loaded with plenty of good, the lorries were blocked for reasons nobody knows who brought them up. The financial police, with or without reason, fined them and the aid remained suspended. BARDH SEDARASI (continued on page 2)

IN THE NEXT ISSUE YOU WILL READ: - Are there informants of the former State Security in parliament

IN THIS ISSUE: - The Këllezi family properties - page 2 - Why the deputies do not come to parliament - page 3

FOR THE THIRD TIME AT THE BALLOT BOXES, WHO WILL WE GIVE OUR VOTE TO? - Sketch - Within a short span of time, no more than 5 months after the great popular plebiscite of 22 March of this year, Albanians will once again go to the ballot boxes. By now, a democratic government with its good and bad sides has come to the forefront, a parliament whose spectrum outside it is wider, a transitional inclusion that has the human colors of opinion and an adaptation of a certain relationship between political parties. Who from the very beginning correctly recognized the formation of a European democratic order, is now taking sure steps? To leave behind what is not needed, what is useless, and to appropriate what helps it along its path. Whoever has paid attention to the many grand electoral promises of the day before yesterday from all sides, now has “in hand” that piece of paper, filled with promises and thrown into the ballot box. And of course, what is true for us leads to the other end, to the one that until yesterday watched it completely. But this upward path should not be easy. The big bell that was hung around the necks of those in power, the face of those who wage war against communism, while themselves, if they have any brains, should now know. In other cases they would even shake hands with comrades. Once again, for good luck! Now only the other half of the truth remains, in order to complete the “formation” that will lead democracy in full. In any case, the outline will be closed on 26 July, and Albanians, as can clearly be seen, are learning the democratic game and its rules. There are those who are satisfied with what they have achieved, there are those who are at the other extreme, just as there are many for whom the popular saying fits: “Make me do the stepmother’s work, and without a word I am beaten down.” And 26 July will not be long in coming. It is neither 31 March nor 22 March (again). In any case it cannot be [th?]llë. The two past Marches exhausted and delivered the “sentences” of the 50-year communist-Stalinist defeat; this year’s warm July has another mission. It is not exactly a fight against communism. Democracy no longer has to fight ghosts. It is a step onto a new road and mentality will have to answer it. To choose this “other half” left unresolved by 22 March 1992, Albanians must look differently. Certainly, on 26 July tired people, worn out by impossible steps, will cast their vote and [..]. We do not [t?] with the truth. B.S

It turns out independence is not easy to maintain! «Zëri i rinisë» is backed by «Zëri i popullit» It turns out independence is not easy to maintain! - The last fortress of independent journalism has fallen as well: Remzi Lani, the mystery of the political circus, who had everyone as an enemy and therefore was independent, has surrendered. A strange voice, a political portal, a man with a Republican cap, constantly carrying a file, constantly irritated, but never for any reason. Viron Koka! Viron, that unhinged man who shouts at meetings. The reasons for the editor-in-chief of «Zëri i rinisë» to “surrender” in the face of ridiculous pressure are not known, when he had withstood pressures as intense as those of dictators and communists, remaining editor-in-chief in their time for nearly 10 years! Perhaps Viron Koka found the weak spot, which the chief of «ZR» rarely notices; perhaps, but why use it specifically against PR, that is what we would like to know? Why Remzi Lani was against republicanism, only God knows. It is said that Dr. Koka complimented the editor-in-chief of «Rinisë», telling him that he was very pleasant, almost flawless, like a personal or non-personal companion of Kadare. The beginning of the TV of Rinas will remain indelible in your biography, in your balance sheet of merits, apparently Dr. Koka had it, and apparently the chief also said yes to publishing an article against a party faction, which up to that moment did not know that it was supposedly against the youth! Immediately after «ZR», Viron Koka was republished by «ZP»! Thus Mr. Lani gains points from both the left and the right, that is, as always, as always, with the beam of political balance. «Republika»