In every cell of our country’s economic and social activity, socialist democracy is, and must be, in action. The voice of the masses, their sound judgment, is decisive for the appointment of cadres and their specialization. Without the approval of the collective, no party or state body has the right to act in relation to any cadre or specialist so that they may be appointed, transferred or dismissed; whether they are a brigade leader, a department head, a production director or a leader in educational and cultural institutions. This is also the essence of the decision taken in recent days by the Secretariat of the Party’s Central Committee, which is directly connected with implementing the decision of the 9th Plenum on the procedure for appointing cadres, as well as their specialization and sending them abroad. This is an important measure with a very broad impact; it is not simply about the procedure for appointing cadres, or its technical and organizational aspects, but is, first and foremost, a measure of profound political, ideological and social character. It concerns the further strengthening of the masses’ control over the work and overall activity of cadres and specialists, the uninterrupted deepening of the mass line and their broad participation in conceiving and implementing the Party’s policy on cadres, so that the most capable and dedicated people are placed at the head of affairs, regardless of whether or not they have a party membership card. In other words, the way must be opened for those who will most fully meet the cultural, professional and ideological-political requirements needed for a job, which must be set immediately, without delay, by the highest bodies. One concrete and meaningful example was, for instance, the direct selection by the masses in recent days of the director of the Institute of Linguistics and Literature and of the Institute of History. The masses, who have a direct interest in the smooth running of work and in more rapid development in every field, will in every case propose and place at the head of affairs the most capable people: those who devote themselves to production, science, culture, education, etc., with militancy, with the passion of an emancipated citizen and creator, who possess great intellectual abilities and a strong willingness to put them at the service of the people and the homeland. The practice of recent years of appointing young cadres through the youth organizations themselves, on the basis of their proposals, was a highly democratic form that has borne fruit. It has further strengthened the authority of student youth organizations, relieved the relevant state bodies of burdensome organizational procedures, and created a path free of numerous interventions and favoritism in the appointment of young cadres. Nevertheless, in the name of “the needs of the work,” “urgent needs,” or the “requests” of individuals, families, districts or ministries, unjustified and unmotivated amendments have also been made. Such “arguments” have also been used to make changes to the youth’s proposals. The way must be blocked to such bureaucratic aims. But how? The decision of the youth organizations, after discussion within the collective, must be considered final. If state bodies have objections in a particular case, the decision of the Party’s Central Committee Secretariat emphasizes that they must notify the relevant youth organization within 10 days and convince it with arguments. Otherwise, the youth organization’s decision remains in force. This is a very important measure in implementing the decisions of the 9th Plenum of the Party’s Central Committee; it will have a powerful effect on further democratizing appointments in all categories of the BRPSH and in the country’s higher education institutions. The Party has shown, and continues to show, great and special care for the qualification and specialization of cadres in production, state bodies, cultural and scientific organizations, etc., so that they constantly renew their knowledge and acquire a modern education in order to serve the country’s development better and more effectively. We will continue to work this way in the future through study and specialization at home and abroad. But there is plenty of room for improvement here, too. Therefore, it is necessary and essential to ensure broad input from the masses, collectives and relevant bodies—departments, academic chairs, youth organizations, etc.—regarding all employees who will go abroad, apart from a few special cases. A decision on each person will be made only after that person has received the conclusion [where such a provision is envisaged]; the youth organization’s decision remains in force. This is a very important measure in implementing the decisions of the 9th Plenum of the Party’s Central Committee; it will have a powerful effect on further democratizing appointments in all categories of the BRPSH and in the country’s higher education institutions. The Party has shown, and continues to show, great and special care for the qualification and specialization of cadres in production, state bodies, cultural and scientific organizations, etc., so that they constantly renew their knowledge and acquire a modern education in order to serve the country’s development better and more effectively. We will continue to work this way in the future through study and specialization at home and abroad. But there is plenty of room for improvement here, too. Therefore, it is necessary and essential to ensure broad input from the masses, collectives and relevant bodies—departments, academic chairs, youth organizations, etc.—regarding all employees who will go abroad, apart from a few special cases. A decision on each person will be made only after that person has received the conclusion [where such a provision is envisaged]; the youth organization’s decision remains in force. This is a very important measure in implementing the decisions of the 9th Plenum of the Party’s Central Committee; it will have a powerful effect on further democratizing appointments in all categories of the BRPSH and in the country’s higher education institutions. The Party has shown, and continues to show, great and special care for the qualification and specialization of cadres in production, state bodies, cultural and scientific organizations, etc., so that they constantly renew their knowledge and acquire a modern education in order to serve the country’s development better and more effectively. We will continue to work this way in the future through study and specialization at home and abroad. But there is plenty of room for improvement here, too. Therefore, it is necessary and essential to ensure broad input from the masses, collectives and relevant bodies—departments, academic chairs, youth organizations, etc.—regarding all employees who will go abroad, apart from a few special cases. A decision on each person will be made only after that person has received the conclusion [where such a provision is envisaged]; the youth organization’s decision remains in force. This is a very important measure in implementing the decisions of the 9th Plenum of the Party’s Central Committee; it will have a powerful effect on further democratizing appointments in all categories of the BRPSH and in the country’s higher education institutions. The Party has shown, and continues to show, great and special care for the qualification and specialization of cadres in production, state bodies, cultural and scientific organizations, etc., so that they constantly renew their knowledge and acquire a modern education in order to serve the country’s development better and more effectively. We will continue to work this way in the future through study and specialization at home and abroad. But there is plenty of room for improvement here, too. Therefore, it is necessary and essential to ensure broad input from the masses, collectives and relevant bodies—departments, academic chairs, youth organizations, etc.—regarding all employees who will go abroad, apart from a few special cases. A decision on each person will be made only after that person has received the conclusion [where such a provision is envisaged]; the youth organization’s decision remains in force. This is a very important measure in implementing the decisions of the 9th Plenum of the Party’s Central Committee; it will have a powerful effect on further democratizing appointments in all categories of the BRPSH and in the country’s higher education institutions.

Specialists Hysen Çobani and Hamdi Bushati remind us, The tasks for 1990, with a considerable expansion in the area planted with industrial tomatoes, are demanding. They require twice as many tomatoes as in previous years to be processed, at high quality and mainly for export, using the same production lines. The greatest share of this task falls to the districts of Durrës, Elbasan, Fier and Vlorë, which will account for about 60 percent of national production. The other districts, too, with their respective quantities—such as Shkodra, Saranda, Lushnja, Lezha, etc.—have an equal or greater load per production line than these first districts. Now is the time to identify concretely the problems that arise and require proper solutions from agriculture and the processing industry, so as to lay the foundations for carrying out these tasks as well as possible. Doubling production makes it necessary to double the processing period and to spread out tomato production as much as the industry’s capacity allows. This calls for new approaches from industry and agriculture. The tomato-paste lines must open on 15 June and close on 15 September. In other words, they must operate for three months instead of the usual month and a half. This increases the demands on repair work, since the lines must handle a full workload without interruption for twice as long. In Berat, Vlorë, etc., work has got off to a good start, but Shkodra and several other districts must speed up, so that by the set deadline, 1 May, all the tomato-paste factories are ready, without exception. The transport problem is no less concerning. There is much to do in this mode of production. It is absurd for tomatoes destined for paste to be transported in 6 kg crates, with packaging taking up more than 35–40 percent of the vehicle body, when the packaging costs more than the goods it carries. The time has come to build large-capacity containers of 15–20 kg and up to several quintals, where loading and unloading by forklift is possible. Refrigerated transport should not be ruled out when we have self-unloading vehicles, since the cold installation itself, C 35, allows this without damaging quality. Last in order of importance, but not in importance itself, is the task facing the food industry’s engineering plants in Elbasan and Rrogozhinë: increasing processing capacity by 15–20 percent. The good work they are doing in some districts should be extended to the others as well. Agricultural enterprises have major tasks in staggering production in line with the industry’s absorption capacity. Under current practice, industrial tomatoes have been grown as a single crop: the seeds were sown in seedbeds from late May—[text unclear]—early March and the seedlings were taken into the fields during April, ensuring a plentiful harvest, concentrated in the period 15 April–15 August. Under the new tasks, however, industrial tomatoes must be treated as early-, mid- and late-season crops, by sowing the first batch of seeds in seedbeds at the beginning of February (1–10 February), the second batch at the end of March (20–30 March), and the third at the end of April, up to 5 May. According to data for C 35 tomatoes, with this distribution production will begin at the end of June and continue until September. Without going into every stage that requires attention, we want to draw attention to one issue: to obtain healthy plants, experience dictates that the area of seedbeds be increased from 100–120 m2 to 150–200 m2; no more than 2 gr of seed should be used, and around 400 seedlings per m2 should be obtained, instead of the 700–900 targeted by specialists. We must broaden the range of varieties by cultivating Super California tomatoes, which have proved more suitable for late planting. Likewise, we are required to take the first steps without delay towards so-called integrated mechanization and chemicalization, which will turn this tomato into a product for mass consumption. As for the processing industry, the urgent task remains to move beyond paste—the only industrialized product today—and also produce juice, peeled tomatoes (pelati) in jars, etc. In other words, let us move forward step by step towards a powerful industry serving both the domestic and foreign markets.

Three quarters of Vlorë is encircled by a crown of olive groves. A gigantic crown, with 170 thousand olive trees. The centuries have bequeathed 70 thousand of them, naturally, without any particular order. But the “ozet” [unclear] showed very well how much the place and climate suited them, and also demonstrated the possibility of creating an even richer crown. It is clear that, almost from the past year, the olive groves of this crown have been managed on a more scientific basis. This has brought, first of all, stability in the annual olive harvest, which is increasing. There are now many model brigades with high yields. Thellëzë Çobo, Shahir e Ferra, Luljeta Zamani, Selim Velia, Ligor Vero and Kleanth Kordha are brigade leaders of some of them. The chief agronomist of the olive-growing state farm, Siri Xhaferi, says that much better concepts and practices have now been established, and that there is a broader commitment to year-round work and to

annual olive production, which is increasing. There are now many model brigades with high yields. Thellëzë Çobo, Shahir e Ferra, Luljeta Zamani, Selim Velia, Ligor Vero and Kleanth Kordha are brigade leaders of some of them. The chief agronomist of the olive-growing state farm, Siri Xhaferi, says that much better concepts and practices have now been established, and that there is a broader commitment to year-round work and to

- GJIROKASTER - Shepherds want friends at all times, even more so amid the fields and during successful campaigns such as this year’s lambing season. “Everything is fine; we have nothing else to say,” says the communist Nako Stathi, brigade leader in Odrie. “The ewes are doing well. There have been no losses.” And so it really has been. The condition you see in Odrie of Lunxhëri can also be found in Lazarat,

(Continued on page 2) (Continued on page 2)

A MOMENT AT WORK IN THE SOAP-PRODUCTION FACTORY IN VLORE. (Photo: N. Xhufka)

NOTE OF THE DAY After a long period without precipitation or with light, almost negligible rainfall (in Berat, the day before yesterday, we were told that there had been no rain for two months in the lowland area and that, as a result, for several days wheat rust had set in), yesterday heavy, abundant rain began across the entire country, while snow also fell at elevations above 400 m. According to the data from the meteorological service, more than 30 mm of rain fell in the districts of Pukë, Lezhë, Mat, Dibër, Durrës, Elbasan, Lushnjë, Tepelenë and Gjirokastër, reaching 64 mm in Tiranë. In the districts of Tropojë, Pukë and Kukës, 23 to 30 cm of snow fell. In the highland areas of the district of Dibër, the snow reached a depth of 70–100 cm. In the other districts, rainfall amounts were lower. This is a new situation for agricultural workers. The precipitation has been welcomed, especially given the conditions for the growth of crops already sown, including wheat, fodder crops, etc. It also creates a new hydro-energy situation, because it makes it possible to take more comprehensive measures and be prepared for dry conditions, when water reserves in the general reservoirs and rivers, as a result of a prolonged period of dry weather lasting for weeks, have been quite low. Livestock workers in particular now face new tasks. Snowfall in the highlands, accompanied by falling temperatures, calls for greater care for livestock, especially young animals, as the lambing season is at its peak. To prevent damage to your equipment [unclear], the management staffs of agricultural enterprises must take more comprehensive measures to ensure shelter and feed for livestock, and protect the animals from any possible harm. According to the forecasts, the precipitation will continue. It has raised optimism everywhere, but it must also be accompanied by concrete measures, particularly to drain waterlogged land and fodder crops, so as not to obstruct the major ploughing campaign for spring sowing.

High-ranking Yugoslav officials and important state bodies, such as the Presidency of the Socialist Republic of Serbia, have spread false accusations claiming that the Albanian-Yugoslav border served as a crossing point for the illegal passage of saboteurs trained in Albania to carry out terrorist acts in Kosovo, and that the Albanian internal affairs authorities supposedly “financed” groups or individuals among the émigrés abroad to incite unrest in Yugoslavia. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Socialist Republic of Albania categorically rejects these fabrications, which testify not only to an unfriendly attitude towards Albania, but also to the absence of an effort to form a fair opinion, as well as to lies intended to conceal the brutal police violence exercised in Kosovo; to justify the continuation of the state of emergency there and, more generally, to obstruct the movement towards democracy and equality that is growing ever stronger in Yugoslavia. On the other hand, with tales about “Albania’s responsibility in the internal affairs of the Yugoslav state,” the Serbian leadership is pursuing its demands for a further build-up of forces and military deployments, including tanks, aircraft and artillery in Kosovo. This is not only directed against the Albanian population there, but is also a show of force and a provocation aimed at the People’s Socialist Republic of Albania. A grave crime that no human conscience can accept is the demand that the Serbian state authorities barbarously carry out the mass expulsion of Albanians from their lands. Lists have begun to be drawn up

It is understood that all this is being done with premeditated aims: to divert Yugoslav and international public opinion from the brutal police violence exercised in Kosovo; to justify the continuation of the state of emergency there and, more generally, to obstruct the movement towards democracy and equality, which is growing ever stronger in Yugoslavia. On the other hand, with tales about “Albania’s responsibility in the internal affairs of the Yugoslav state,” the Serbian leadership is pursuing its demands for a further build-up of forces and military deployments, including tanks, aircraft and artillery in Kosovo. This is not only directed against the Albanian population there, but is also a show of force and a provocation aimed at the People’s Socialist Republic of Albania. A grave crime that no human conscience can accept is the demand that the Serbian state authorities barbarously carry out the mass expulsion of Albanians from their lands. Lists have begun to be drawn up

of Albanians deemed undesirable, and their numbers have grown astronomically, exceeding all absurdity. Until now it had been said that around 5,000 people had emigrated from Albania to Yugoslavia, or been repatriated there, from the Second World War until today. In recent days, however, the figure has risen to 160,000, even reaching more than 300,000 people. This monstrous plan to depopulate Kosovo of Albanians and colonize it with Serbs will create new tragedies with unforeseeable consequences. The path chosen by Belgrade for dealing with problems that fuel international tensions and concern does not resolve the difficulties created by a bankrupt policy that has caused the severe crises Yugoslavia is currently experiencing. A reasonable and democratic dialogue with the Albanians is the only possible way out of the crisis, which is desired by the peoples of Yugoslavia and supported by all those who wish them well. (ATSH)

The African peoples and international public opinion as a whole welcomed, expressing their particular support, the release of Nelson Mandela, leader of the African National Congress, after more than 27 years in prison. A thousand and one opinions have been expressed about the future of this country. In a perspective that reaches beyond 50 thousand people, they bore witness on this occasion to their highest popular aspirations for freedom, democracy, self-determination and social progress, against every kind of oppression and racist exploitation. This is a call to all citizens of South Africa to continue the struggle with greater determination until apartheid and the practice of brutal racial discrimination are completely eradicated. Nelson Mandela is a symbol of the struggle and of democratic, freedom-loving thought, but apartheid has not yet ended. Nor has the struggle linked to the future and fate of South Africa’s Black people ended. Thus a new chapter opens in the struggle against apartheid, which has no future. Through more organized, joint and sustained action to establish peace, security and democracy, it is destined to disappear, together with the racism that has kept it alive. No other situation can be imagined, it seems. Nor can there be any lifting of the economic and political sanctions against Pretoria as long as the factors that make the armed struggle against apartheid necessary still exist. In their just struggle, South Africa’s 26 million Black people enjoy the support of all peoples and democratic and progressive forces everywhere in the world, who express their conviction of victory, because the right of peoples to be free and independent is undeniable. ARBEN KARAPICI

Year 48 of publication Wednesday, 14 February 1990 No. 38 (12 982) Price 30 qindarka